Yandex Metrika
Biggest Monasteries in Europe and the World

Largest Monasteries in the World. Part 1: Western Europe

The biggest monasteries in Europe

For centuries, Christian monasteries have stood as bastions of faith and dedication. Monks and nuns have lived in prayer and contemplation, isolating themselves from the secular world to seek holiness, deepen their relationship with God, and draw closer to Him. These communities – some of them among the largest monasteries in the world - have left a lasting mark on the history and culture of their regions.

How many monasteries are there in the world? There are no exact statistics, but certainly a large number. Luckily, many monasteries welcome visitors, offering believers a chance to connect more deeply with their faith. This series helps you choose a monastery to visit.

In the secular world, we often rely on rankings when choosing travel destinations, like hotel stars or popular cities. But this approach doesn't work for sacred sites. Think about a question like, "What are the top ten monasteries?" How could we even make such a list? What would we compare? Beauty? History? Number of monks? Their spirituality? Each aspect is debatable. Historical significance is often linked to power and wealth, not spiritual depth. And how can we judge someone's prayer? A "top ten" list would be random and controversial.

Likewise, questions like "What's the biggest Christian monastery in the world?", “or “What’s the biggest Orthodox monastery?” show an obsession with size. Some monasteries are indeed huge, others are small and secluded. But they are not tourist attractions to be rated like hotels. Their value is not in size or popularity, but in faith and the power of spiritual life.

So, as you choose a monastery, let's avoid ranking and comparing. Our list of monasteries lets you explore the many ways people live out their faith and the variety within Christian monasticism.

Sites in Western Europe: monasteries that inspire

Our first focus is on Western Europe, a region with a millennium-long monastic tradition. Though not a centre of Orthodox monasticism, they all serve as beacons of spirituality in today's secularized world by offering spaces for community and reflection on what truly matters. Here are some must-see monasteries in Western Europe, all within your reach.

Seeds of faith, stones of history: a journey through St. Mary's Abbey

St. Mary's Abbey, West Malling, Kent

Dating back to 1090, St. Mary's Abbey, West Malling, Kent was founded as a Catholic community, but it is now affiliated with the Anglican Church. With its serene atmosphere, historic architecture, and vibrant monastic tradition, it is one of Europe's most outstanding Anglican communities, if not one of the most famous Protestant monasteries.

You can practically feel its long history as you walk among the remnants of its original Norman stonework and cloisters that date back to 1090. The abbey church, featuring parts from the 11th century, stands as a living relic. Inside, you will find religious artefacts and relics that tell the story of the abbey's founding, dissolution, and restoration.

The Anglican nuns at St. Mary's Abbey follow the Benedictine tradition. You can witness their dedication to prayer, work, and community living firsthand. One of the unique aspects of St. Mary's is its working farm, which showcases traditional agricultural practices and adds a self-sustaining dimension to monastic life. For those seeking deeper engagement, the abbey offers spiritual retreats and workshops, providing a chance to experience monastic life up close.

The beautifully maintained gardens offer a tranquil space for reflection and relaxation. Throughout the year, the abbey hosts various cultural and religious events—concerts, lectures, and services—that offer deeper insights into its living traditions. Don't miss the abbey's library, filled with historical manuscripts and texts that are invaluable for understanding the religious and cultural history of the region. Whether you're there for the history, the spirituality, or just a peaceful retreat, St. Mary's Abbey has something special to offer to everyone.

Whispers of war, echoes of faith: the allure of Mont Saint-Michel

Mont Saint-Michel Abbey in Normandy, France

Mont Saint-Michel Abbey in Normandy, France (which had the largest amount of monasteries and churches in Europe in Middle Ages) may not be the biggest Catholic monastery in the world, but it is certainly one of the most famous monasteries in this region. Mont Saint-Michel has been a magnet for pilgrims since the 8th century, thanks to its deep ties with Saint Michael the Archangel. This iconic site has seen it all—from serving as a fortress during the Hundred Years' War to standing tall as a symbol of French national pride.

Perched on a rocky island, the abbey's construction is nothing short of a medieval marvel. Visitors can gape at the ingenious ways builders adapted the structure to its rugged terrain. The island’s tidal nature adds another layer of magic, with high and low tides creating a jaw-dropping natural spectacle. From the West Terrace, you can soak in panoramic views that stretch across the coastline and tidal flats—views that are sure to leave you spellbound.

The abbey itself is a Gothic masterpiece. Picture towering spires, elegant cloisters, and an impressive refectory where monks once dined. Each corner of this architectural gem tells a story. The abbey also houses an array of religious relics dedicated to Saint Michael, adding to its spiritual allure.

Step into the scriptorium, where monks once meticulously copied manuscripts, and you’ll get a sense of the site's role in preserving medieval scholarship. Throughout the year, various exhibits bring to life the abbey’s rich history, art, and the daily routines of the monks who called it home. Mont Saint-Michel Monastery is a destination that will leave an indelible mark on your heart, reminding you of the enduring power of faith, history, and the boundless beauty of God's creation.

From hermit's haven to holy site: the enchanting story of Glendalough

Glendalough Monastery in Ireland

Glendalough Monastery in Ireland is a must-visit place that blends historical significance, stunning natural beauty, and captivating relics. It was founded in the 6th century by St. Kevin, a hermit monk venerated by the Orthodox and Catholics alike, and blossomed into one of Ireland's most important monastic sites during the Early Medieval period. For centuries, it has drawn pilgrims seeking spiritual solace and reflection.

Start your adventure at the visitor centre, where reconstructions of the original monastic buildings offer a glimpse into how the site functioned in its heyday. Dive deeper into history as you explore relics and artefacts linked to its founder. One standout is St. Kevin’s Church, affectionately known as “St. Kevin’s Kitchen” due to its chimney-like round tower. This small stone church is one of Glendalough’s most iconic structures. Be sure to visit St. Kevin’s Bed, a cave perched on a sheer rock face above the Upper Lake. Traditionally believed to be St. Kevin's retreat, it's a place of pilgrimage and contemplation. Nearby, you'll find the Deer Stone, an ancient basin tied to one of St. Kevin’s miracles involving a doe providing milk for a local child.

The Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul is the largest of Glendalough’s seven churches, dating back to the 10th and 12th centuries. It showcases stunning examples of Romanesque architecture. Don’t miss St. Kevin's Cross, carved from a single granite stone and located near the Cathedral— it is one of the oldest and most significant relics in Glendalough. But the true magic of Glendalough lies in the experiences it offers. Embark on a guided tour where knowledgeable guides will regale you with tales of the site's rich history and spiritual significance. Or dive deeper into its mysteries through educational programs and workshops.

From rule to renaissance: exploring Monte Cassino’s treasures

Monte-Cassino Monastery, Italy

Monte-Cassino Monastery, Italy was established by St. Benedict of Nursia around 529 AD. It is not just any historical site—it's the birthplace of the Benedictine Order and the legendary Rule of St. Benedict. This is likely the biggest Benedictine monastery in the world, and certainly the oldest. The Rule of St. Benedict laid down the law for Christian monasticism, emphasizing prayer, work, and community life. As the cradle of the Benedictine Order, Monte Cassino has become a major pilgrimage destination for those following the monastic tradition. But you don't have to be a monk to appreciate its serene environment, perfect for prayer, reflection, and retreat. Visitors can dive into Benedictine spirituality and see how it has shaped Christian practices over the centuries.

Monte Cassino has always been a centre of learning and culture, especially during the Middle Ages when it played a crucial role in preserving and spreading knowledge. The abbey is a treasure trove of significant artworks, manuscripts, and relics, including the remains of St. Benedict and his sister, St. Scholastica. The site also dazzles with beautiful frescoes, mosaics, and a library packed with ancient texts.

But Monte Cassino is not just about peaceful contemplation. It was the epicentre of a major World War II battle—the Battle of Monte Cassino. After being destroyed during the war, the monastery was meticulously rebuilt to its former glory. This reconstruction preserved its architectural beauty and historical integrity, turning it into a symbol of rebirth and resilience. The monastery complex now includes museums and exhibits that showcase its rich history, featuring artefacts from various periods, detailed accounts of the Battle of Monte Cassino, and insights into monastic life.

Whether you are a history fan, an architecture enthusiast, a spiritual seeker, or just someone who loves breathtaking scenery, Monte Cassino offers an experience that is worth every minute.

Jasna Góra Monastery, Black Madonna’s sanctuary

Jasna Góra Monastery, Poland

Located in Częstochowa, Poland, Jasna Góra Monastery is one of Poland's most significant religious and pilgrimage sites. This revered destination attracts millions of Catholics from around the world. Founded in 1382 by Pauline monks from Hungary, Jasna Góra has a storied history marked by resilience and faith. It famously withstood the 1655 Swedish invasion, cementing its status as a symbol of Polish endurance.

Visitors can immerse themselves in the monastery's rich past while marvelling at its stunning Baroque and Renaissance architecture. The Basilica of Jasna Góra is home to the Black Madonna, the famous Icon of the Mother of God of Częstochowa, believed to possess miraculous powers. The Basilica also features intricate frescoes, sculptures, and ornate decorations. The monastery houses a treasury and museum filled with priceless religious artefacts, including crowns, chalices, and vestments donated by pilgrims and monarchs over the centuries.

Jasna Góra isn't just about history; it's alive with cultural events, religious ceremonies, concerts, and exhibitions. The vibrant atmosphere during these festivities offers a unique glimpse into Polish culture and spirituality. A visit to Jasna Góra Monastery promises a profound spiritual journey, enriched by its cultural heritage and breathtaking beauty. It's an experience that will nourish your spirit, ignite your senses, and leave you forever changed.

History, faith, and Bavarian craft at Ettal Abbey

Ettal Abbey in Germany

Hidden in the stunning Bavarian Alps, Ettal Abbey in Germany is a Benedictine monastery with a fascinating history and profound spiritual importance. Founded in 1330 by Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian, this abbey has been a magnet of faith, education, and culture for centuries.

Ettal Abbey has attracted scores of believers since its inception, drawing visitors from near and far. Pilgrims come to see the famed Ettal Madonna, a statue of the Madonna and Child believed to possess miraculous powers. The abbey's serene atmosphere and beautiful surroundings offer a perfect setting for reflection and spiritual growth.

The Benedictine monks at Ettal live by the Rule of St. Benedict, which emphasizes prayer, work, and community life. Their daily routines include pastoral care, spiritual retreats, and various charitable activities. The abbey also hosts numerous religious ceremonies, concerts, and cultural events throughout the year, enriching the spiritual experience for all who visit.

The monks of Ettal are not just spiritual guides but also skilled artisans and entrepreneurs. They have been involved in agriculture, brewing, and distilling for centuries. Founded in 1609, the Ettal Monastery Brewery is renowned for its high-quality beer and liqueurs, adding another layer to the abbey's rich heritage.

Today, Ettal Abbey remains a vibrant religious community. It operates its boarding school, brewery, distillery, and guesthouse, welcoming pilgrims and tourists alike. Whether you're there for spiritual enrichment or simply to admire its beauty and history, your visit to Ettal Abbey will be an unforgettable experience.

Aglona Monastery, a place of inspiration and scenic beauty

Aglona Monastery in Latvia

Aglona Monastery in Latvia is a must-see for anyone interested in history, faith, or stunning scenery. Located in the small town of Aglona, it's one of the most important religious sites in the country and a significant pilgrimage destination in the Baltic region.

The monastery is famous for the "Miracle-Working Icon of Our Lady," which many believe has healing powers. It also houses various saint relics that visitors come to venerate.

Founded by Dominican monks in 1699, the monastery complex features the Basilica of the Assumption, a beautiful baroque church completed in 1780. The area around the monastery is just as impressive, with serene lakes and lush landscapes perfect for reflection. Whether you're there for spiritual reasons or merely to soak in the beauty, Aglona Monastery offers a remarkable experience.

****

We hope this review of Europe's Catholic and Anglican monasteries will inspire you to take that fascinating journey to discover and appreciate Christianity's imprint on culture and our humanity. Each monastery has its unique vibe and history, inviting you to celebrate and reflect on the shared roots of the Christian faith. For Orthodox readers, visiting these monasteries offers a peek into different ways of living out Christian monastic life, and a chance to reflect on things that genuinely matter for their lives on this earth and in eternity.

Seeing how these communities tackle modern challenges like secularism can be eye-opening. For Orthodox visitors, these experiences can provide valuable lessons and inspiration for dealing with similar issues in their faith communities. We hope that pilgrimage to these sacred places will strengthen your commitment to living out your faith in today's complex world.

Read more:

Largest Monasteries in the World. Part 2: United States

October 30, 2024
Views:
Ratings: 5/5
Votes: 1
Comment